Bid'at ka bayaan :
♦♦♦♦♦♦
Hadees e Nabawi :
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Hazrat Jaabir bin Abdullāh radi-Allāhu ta’ala anhu se riwaayat hai :
Huzoor Rasool-Allāh sallallāhu alaihi wa sallam ne irshaad farmaya ki
‘Jis ne Islaam me koi achha tareeqa nikaala to use us ka ajr milega aur jitne log us par amal karenge un sab ka sawaab milega aur un (amal karne waalo) ke sawaab me koi kami nahi ki jaayegi aur jis ne Islaam me koi bura tareeqa nikaala to us par us ka gunaah hoga aur jitne log us par chalenge un sab ka gunaah bhi us par hoga aur un (amal karne waalo) ke gunaah me koi kami nahi ki jaayegi.’
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Bid'at ki ta’areef :
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Bid'at ka ma’ana hai Aisi cheez ko ijaad karna jo Huzoore akram sallallāhu alaihi wa sallam ke zamaane me na ho.
Bid'at ke Aqsaam :
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Bid'at ki 3 qisme hain :
(1) Bid'at e Hasana, (2) Bid'at e Mubaaha, (3) Bid'at e Saee-ah.
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(1) Bid'at e Hasana :
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♦ Aisi achhi cheez ijaad karna jo Qur’an aur Sunnat wa hadees ke usool wa qawaa'id ke mutaabik ho.
Qur’an :
4 Surah an-Nisa’, Aayat 59 :
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ ۖ فَإِنْ تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَحْسَنُ تَأْوِيلًا
Aye Eimaan walo, ALLĀH ki ita’at karo aur Rasool ki ita’at karo aur (apno me se) saahibaan e amr ki aur phir kisi mas’ale par tum baaham ikhtelaaf karo to use ALLĀH aur us ke Rasool sallallāhu alaihi wa sallam ki taraf lauta do, Agar tum ALLĀH par aur aakhirat ke din par yaqeen rakhte ho to yehi (tumhare liye) behtar aur anjaam ke lihaaj se bahot achha hai.
Ya’ni ALLĀH ta’ala farmaata hai tum me ilm walo ke upar ilm wale honge jo tumhare liye Saahibaan e amr hoga aur jo tumhe ALLĀH aur us ke Rasool sallallāhu alaihi wa sallam ki ita’at ka sahi tareeqa sikhayenge.
Hadees e Nabawi :
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(1) Ulma e ummatika Ambiya e bani isra'eel.
Meri ummat ke ulema Bani Isra'eel ke nabiyo ke maanind hai.
(2) Jab Qur'an aur Hadees me kisi mas’ale ka hal na mile to fuqaha, mujtahideen, ulema ke mashaware par amal karo.
♦ Saahibaan e amr me Khulfa e Rashideen radi-Allāhu ta’ala anhuma (jo Ameerul mo’mineen hain) aur Aaimma e Islaam saamil hain.
Har zamaane me alag alag Imaam peshwa ya rehnuma bankar aaye.
ALLĀH ta’ala un ko khaas ilm ata farmata hai jis se wo kisi cheez ko dekhkar ya kisi baat ko sunkar aisa soch sakta hai jise har koi nahi soch sakta.
Imaam ulil amr hote hain ya’ni koi bhi Imaam ho (Tareeqat, Fiqh, Hadees, Tafseer, Ilm e nahaw, Qir’at ya kisi bhi ilm ka) us ki pairwi ka hukm hai. Imaam ki ita’at mutlakan har musalman par farz hai, jab ke Imaam ka hukm shariat ke khilaaf na ho.
♦ Ahkaam e shariat ke masaa'il 4 cheezo ko milaakar samajh sakte hain :
(1) Kitabullāh (Qur’an shareef)
(2) Hadees o Sunnat e nabwi (Prophetic Sayings & Traditions)
(3) Ijma e Ashaaba wa Ulema (Consensus of Companions of Prophet , Followers of companions & Muslim scholars)
(4) Qiyaas (Analogical Deduction by Muslim scholars)
Zyadatar masaa’il ke hal Qur’an aur Hadees me se mil jaate hain.
Lekin agar kisi mas’ale ka hal in me na mile to Ijma e Ashaaba wa Ulema se samjha ja sakta hai.
Agar kisi mas’ale ka hal is me bhi na ho to Imaam e islaam apne Qiyaas se sharai se us ka hal batate hain kyun ki ALLĀH ta’ala ne unhe khaas ilm ata farmaaya hai.
Is liye un ki baato par bhi amal karna zaroori hai.
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♦ Kuchh cheeze Khulfa e rashideen ke zamaane me ijaad hui jo Huzoor e akram sallallāhu alaihi wa sallam ke zamaane nahi thi :
[1] Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddeeq radi-Allāhu ta’ala anhu ke zamaane me Qur’an majeed ko kitaab ke taur par jama karne ka kaam shuru kiya gaya aur Hazrat Usmaan Ghani radi-Allāhu ta’ala anhu ke zamaane me ye kaam mukammal hua.
[2] Hazrat Umar Farooq radi-Allāhu ta’ala anhu ke zamaane me Ramazaan me Taraweeh ki 20 raka’t namaaz jama’at ke saath padhna shuru kiya gaya.
♦ Umayya khalif Abdul Malik bin Marwaan ke zamaane me Kufa ke governer Hajjaj bin Yousuf ne Qur’an majeed me A’araab (Zer, Zabar, Pesh) lagaana mukammal karwaaya.
♦ Kuchh cheeze in ke baad ke zamaane me ijaad hui.
Bid'at e Waajiba :
Qur’an aur Hadees ko samajhne ke liye Ilm e Nahaw ya Ilm e Sarf sikhna.
Bid'at e Mustahaba :
[1] Pakki masjide banaana.
[2] Madrse banaana.
[3] Milaad shareef ki mehfil mun’aqid karna,
Jis me Huzoore akram sallallāhu alaihi wa sallam ki be'asat, aap ki sirat e hasna, aap ki Sunnaten aur Hadeese paak aur deegar fazaa'il aur moazeezat bayaan karna aur Ambiya aur Ahle bait aur Auliya Allāh ke bayan karna.
[4] Eid e Meelaad-un-Nabi ke mauqe par Juloos nikaalna.
[5] Azaan se pehle Salaat o Salaam padhna.
[6] Nikaah ke waqt dulha-dulhan ko kalma padhaana.
(2) Bid'at e Mubaaha :
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♦ Aisi koi bhi mufeed cheez ijaad karna jo jaa'iz ho.
[1] Scooter, Bike, Bus, Train, Aero plane wagairah me safar karna.
[2] Chashma ya Contact lens ka istemaal karna.
[3] Telephone, Mobile, Computer wagairah istemaal karna.
[4] Heater aur Air cooler ya Air conditioner ka istemaal karna.
(3) Bid'at e saee-ah :
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♦ Aisi koi bhi buri ya najaa'iz cheez ya rasm ijaad karna jo sunnat ke mukhaalif wa mazaahim ho.
Qur’an :
2 Surah al-Baqarah, Aayat 208 :
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا ادْخُلُوا فِي السِّلْمِ كَافَّةً وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا خُطُوَاتِ الشَّيْطَانِ ۚ إِنَّهُ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُبِينٌ
Aye Eimaan walo, Islaam me pure daakhil ho jaao, Aur shaitaan ke raasto par na chalo, Beshak wo tumhara khula dushman hai.
♦ Bid'at e saee-ah 2 qismen ki hoti hain :
[1] Bid'at e Mukaffarah - ya’ni Kufr aur Shirk tak pahunchane wali.
[2] Bid'at e Mufassaqah - ya’ni Faasiq (Gunaahgaar) banane wali.
(1) Bid'at e Mukaffarah – Jo Bid'at e saee-ah Shirk aur Kufr tak pahunchaane waali ho.
[1] Qabr ya Mazaar ko Sajda karna ya Chumna ya rooku’ ki tarah jhukna ya uska tawaaf karna.
[2] Kisi tasweer ko (Taaziya ki ya Mazaar ki ya Kisi insaan ki –Auliya Allāh ki ya kisi aalim ki ya apne peer ki ya ustaad ki ya waalidain ki ya buzurgo ki tasweer rakhkar us ke paas) agarbatti wagairah rakhna.
[3] Hindustan me murawwaja Taaziyadaari ya’ni Taaziya banaakar pure ilaake me ghumaana aur use paani me dafn karna ya taaziyagaah (imaam baada) me rakhna, Taaziya ko Sajda karna ya Rooku’ ki tarah jhukna ya Tawaaf ki tarah us ke chakkar lagaana ya use Chumna ya taaziya ki tasweere rakhkar use chumna ya use agarbatti wagairah karna.
Khoon nikaalna, maatam karna, noha karna, kaale kapde pehnna, chokaara karna, naachna aur gaana-bajaana, khel tamaasha karna.
[4] Ghair-muslim ke tehwaar manana ya un ko mubarakbaad dena.
(2) Bid'at e Mufassaqah – Jo Bid'at e saee-ah gunaah e kabeerah hai aur jise karne wala Faasiq ho jaata hai.
[1] Mazaar par ya qabrastan me aurto ko jaana,
Mazaar par nachna aur gaana-bajana, khel tamaasha karna.
[2] Shaadi-byah ke mauqe par nachna aur gaana-bajaana, khel tamaasha karna, Aatishbaazi, Haldi ya Pithi ki rasm, Khaane peene me fuzulkharchi aur shaadi me jahez lena wagairah.
▪▪► Kaafiro ke kisi bhi tareeqe ya rasm ko agar sahi maankar ya unki ta’azeem ke liye apnaya jaaye to wo Kufr hai. Aur is surat me Bid'at e Mufassaqah bhi Bid'ate Mukaffarah hai.
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Bid'at ke muta’alliq chand khaas baaten :
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(1) Auliya Allāh ke mazaar par Tilaawat e Qur’an, Zikr aur Durood o salaam padhna aur phool chadhaana aur roshni karna aur ALLĀH ta’ala se un ke waseele se dua karna ye sab BID'AT E HASANA aur jaa'iz hai.
Aur Qabr ko sajda karna ya chumna ya rooku’ ki tarah jhukna ya tawaaf ki tarah us ke lagaana ye sab BID'AT E MUKAFFARAH (ya’ni Kufr aur Shirk tak pahunchane waali) hai.
Aur Mazaar par ya qabrastan me aurto ko jaana, nachna aur gana-bajaana, khel tamaasha karna ye sab BID'AT E MUFASSAQAH (Gunaahgaar banaane waali) hai.
(2) Maah e Muharram me 10 roz tak Milaad ki mehfil karna aur Huzoor e akram sallallāhu alaihi wa sallam ka aur Ahle bait, Imaame Husain, Ashaaba aur Shohada e Karbala radi-Allāhu ta’ala anhuma ka zikr karna, isaal e sawaab ke liye Qur’an khwaani ya Durood shareef aur Kalma ka khatm karna ya Niyaaz khilaana, Paani aur sharbat pilaana ye sab BID'AT E HASANA aur jaaiz hai.
Aur Taaziyadaari ya’ni Taaziya banana aur pure ilaake me ghumaana aur use paani me dafn karna ya taaziyagaah (imaam baada) me rakhna, Taaziya ko sajda karna ya Rooku’ ki tarah jhukna ya Tawaaf ki tarah us ke chakkar lagaana ya use chumna ya taaziya ki tasweere rakhkar use chumna ya use agarbatti wagairah karna ye sab BID'AT E MUKAFFARAH (ya’ni Kufr aur Shirk tak pahunchaane waali) hai.
aur Isi tarah khoon nikaalna, maatam karna, noha karna, kaale kapde pehnna, chokaara karna, nachna aur gaana-bajaana ye sab bhi BID'AT E MUKAFFARAH (ya’ni Kufr tak pahunchaane waali) hai.
(3) Maiyat ke teeja aur 10wa, 20wa, 40wa wagairah par maiyat ke isaal e sawaab ke liye Qur’an khwaani ya Durood shareef aur Kalma ka khatam karna, Sadqa-khairaat karna aur ghurba wa masakeen ko khaana khilaana ye sab BID'AT E HASANA hai.
Aur Is mauqke par shaadi-byah ki tarah dosto wa ahbaab aur azeezo wa aqareeb ko daawat karna ye BID'AT E MUFASSAQAH (Gunaahgaar banaane waali) hai.
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ALLĀH ta’ala us ke Habeeb sallallāhu alaihi wa sallam ke sadqe me
Sab ko hidaayat ata farmae aur Sab ke Eimaan ki hifaazat farmae aur Sahi ilm e deen haasil karne ki aur Sahi baat samajhne ki taufiq ata farmae aur Sahi nek amal karne ki aur Gunaaho aur buri bid'ato se bachne ki taufiq ata farmae aur In baato ko yaad rakhkar amal karne ki aur dusro ko bataane ki taufiq ata farmae aur Islaam ka bolbala ata farmae.
Aameen.
